RISK FACTORS:

• Availability of alcohol and other drugs
• Availability of firearms
• Community laws and norms favorable toward drug use, firearms, and crime
• Media portrayals of violence
• Transitions and mobility
• Low neighborhood attachment and community disorganization
• Extreme economic deprivation
• Family history of the problem behavior
• Family management problems
• Family conflict
• Favorable parental attitudes and involvement in the problem behavior
• Academic failure beginning in late elementary school
• Lack of commitment to school
• Early and persistent antisocial behavior
• Rebelliousness
• Friends who engage in the problem behavior
• Gang involvement
• Favorable attitudes toward the problem behavior
• Early initiation of the problem behavior

 

PROTECTIVE FACTORS:

Healthy Beliefs-(caring, equality and social justice, integrity, honesty, responsibility, restraint, religiosity)

Clear Standards-(family boundaries, school boundaries, adult role models, positive peer influence, high expectations)

Bonding-(Attachment and Commitment)-(family support, positive family communication, other adult relationships, caring neighborhood, parent involvement in schooling, religious community, achievement motivation, school engagement, bonding to school)

Skills-(planning and decision making, interpersonal competence, cultural competence, resistance skills, peaceful conflict resolution)

Opportunities-(youth as resources, service to others, creative activities, youth programs, time at home, homework, reading for pleasure, safety)

Recognition-(community values youth, caring school climate)

Individual Characteristics-(personal power, self esteem, sense of purpose, positive view of personal future)

 

For more information, visit Blair Drug & Alcohol Partnership’s website:  www.blairdap.org